نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 افشین موسوی چلک* دانشیار، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران. (نویسنده مسئول: af.mousavi@pnu.ac.ir
2 دانشیار، گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.ghazi.hamid@pnu.ac.ir
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) and its expanding use in education, healthcare, business, governance, and everyday life have made Artificial Intelligence Literacy (AI Literacy) an emerging interdisciplinary field. Although publications in this area have increased substantially, the field’s knowledge structure, dominant thematic streams, and evolutionary trajectory remain insufficiently mapped. This study aimed to identify the latent thematic structure of AI Literacy research and explain how its principal research priorities have changed over time.
The dataset comprised 2,446 articles and reviews indexed in Scopus between 2020 and 2026. Titles and abstracts were combined and analyzed through text mining and Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modeling. Data preprocessing and analysis were conducted in RStudio using the readr, dplyr, tidytext, topicmodels, tm, and tidyverse packages. The preprocessing procedure included text standardization, conversion to lowercase, removal of punctuation, numbers, extra spaces, and English stop words, and construction of a document–term matrix.
Models with different numbers of topics were compared in terms of conceptual coherence, interpretability, and distinction among topics. The ten-topic solution was selected as the final model. Dominant words and the articles with the highest probability of membership in each topic were then examined to name and interpret the clusters.
The analysis identified ten thematic clusters that were organized into five overarching themes: Educational AI Literacy and Competency Development; Generative AI and Educational Transformation; Professional and Healthcare-Oriented Applications; Ethics, Competencies, and AI Governance; and Behavioral, Social, and Cultural Dimensions. Educational AI Literacy and Competency Development was the largest theme, containing 639 publications and accounting for 26.12% of the dataset. Its prominence confirms the foundational role of education, teacher preparation, curriculum development, technology acceptance, self-efficacy, and competency assessment in the formation of the field. At the same time, the distribution of publications across the remaining themes demonstrates that AI Literacy has expanded beyond educational settings toward professional practice, healthcare, responsible implementation, governance, psychological factors, and social and cultural consequences.
Temporal analysis showed that publication growth accelerated markedly after 2023, alongside the widespread emergence of generative AI systems, particularly ChatGPT and large language models. This period was characterized by growing attention to Generative AI Literacy, prompt-related competencies, critical evaluation of AI-generated outputs, human–AI interaction, trust, academic integrity, ethical use, transparency, accountability, and governance. The findings therefore indicate that generative AI has not merely added a new technological topic; it has reshaped the conceptual boundaries and required competencies of AI Literacy.
Based on the thematic and temporal patterns, the study proposes a three-stage evolutionary model. The first stage centers on educational foundations and competency development. The second reflects the expansion of AI Literacy into generative AI and professional applications. The third emphasizes ethics, governance, societal implications, and informed citizenship.
Overall, AI Literacy has evolved from a relatively limited educational concept into a multidimensional socio-technical capability encompassing technical understanding, critical evaluation, ethical reasoning, professional competence, cultural awareness, and civic participation. The resulting knowledge map offers an empirical basis for theory development, curriculum design, professional education, responsible governance, and future research planning across diverse institutional contexts.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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